Key AAPS features
Otoduyarlılık
Autosens is an algorithm which looks at blood glucose deviations (positive/negative/neutral).
Bu sapmalara dayanarak sizin ne kadar hassas/dirençli olduğunuzu anlamaya çalışacaktır.
OpenAPS’deki oref uygulaması, 24 ve 8 saatlik veri kombinasyonunu çalıştırır. Hangisi hassas ise onu kullanır.
In versions prior to AAPS 2.7, the user had to choose between 8 or 24 hours manually.
From AAPS 2.7 on Autosens in AAPS will switch between a 24 and 8 hours window for calculating sensitivity. It will pick whichever one is more sensitive.
Kullanıcılar oref1’den geldiyse, 24 veya 8 saatlik hassasiyetin değişmesi nedeniyle muhtemelen sistemin değişikliklere karşı daha az dinamik olabileceğini fark edeceklerdir.
Bir kanül değiştirme veya bir profilin değiştirilmesi, Otoduyarlılık oranını tekrar %100’e sıfırlayacaktır (süreli yüzdelik bir profil değişimi, otomatik algılamayı sıfırlamaz).
Otoduyarlılık, bazal ve İDF’nizi ayarlar (yani, bir Profil kaydırmanın yaptığını taklit eder).
If continuously eating carbs over an extended period, Autosens will be less effective during that period as carbs are excluded from BG delta calculations.
Süper Mikro Bolus (SMB)
SMB, the shortform of Super micro bolus, is an OpenAPS feature introduced from 2018 onwards, within the Oref1 algorithm. In contrast to AMA, SMB does not use temporary basal rates to control glucose levels, but mainly small super micro boluses. In situations where AMA would add 1.0 IU insulin using a temporary basal rate, SMB delivers several super micro boluses in small steps at 5 minute intervals, e.g. 0.4 IU, 0.3 IU, 0.2 IU and 0.1 IU. Aynı zamanda (güvenlik nedenleriyle) aşırı dozu önlemek için (‘sıfır-geçici’) gerçek bazal oran belirli bir süre için 0 Ü/saate ayarlanır. This allows the system to adjust the blood glucose faster than with the temporary basal rate increase in AMA.
Thanks to SMB, it may be sufficient for meals containing only “slow” carbs to inform the system of the planned amount of carbohydrate and leave the rest to AAPS. However, this may lead to higher postprandial (post-meal) peaks because pre-bolusing isn’t possible. Or you can give, if necessary with pre-bolusing, a start bolus, which only partly covers the carbohydrates (e.g. 2/3 of the estimated amount) and let SMB deliver the rest of the insulin.
SMBs are shown on the main graph with blue triangles. Tap on the triangle to see how much insulin was delivered, or use the Treatments tab.
SMB’s features contain some safety mechanisms:
Largest single SMB dose
The largest single SMB dose can only be the smallest value of:“SMB’yi sınırlamak için maksimum bazal dakika” içinde ayarlanan süre için geçerli bazal oranına (otoduyarlılık tarafından ayarlanan) karşılık gelen değer, örn. sonraki 30 dakika için bazal miktar veya
şu anda gerekli olan insülin miktarının yarısı veya
ayarlarda maxIOB değerinizin kalan kısmı.
Low temp basal rates
Low temporary basal rates (called ‘low temps’) or temporary basal rates at 0 U/h (called ‘zero-temps’) are activated more in SMB. This is by design for safety reasons and has no negative effects if the Profile is set correctly. On the main graph, the IOB curve (yellow thin line) is more meaningful than the course of the temporary basal rates.Un-Announced Meals
Additional calculations to predict the course of glucose, e.g. by UAM (un-announced meals). Even without manual carbohydrate input from the user, UAM can automatically detect a significant increase in glucose levels due to meals, adrenaline or other influences and try to adjust this with SMB. Güvenilir olması için bu aynı zamanda tam tersi şekilde çalışır ve glikozda beklenmedik bir şekilde hızlı bir düşüş meydana gelirse SMB’yi daha erken durdurabilir. Bu nedenle UAM, SMB’de her zaman aktif olmalıdır.
You must have started objective 9 to use SMB.
See also :
The settings for OpenAPS SMB are described below.
Max U/h a temp basal can be set to
Bu güvenlik ayarı, insülin pompasının iletebileceği maksimum geçici bazal oranını belirler. It is also known as max-basal.
Değer, ünite/saat (Ü/s) cinsinden ölçülür. It is advised to set this to something sensible. A good recommendation for setting this parameter is:
max-basal = highest basal rate x 4
Örneğin, profilinizdeki en yüksek bazal oran 0,5 Ü/s ise, bunu 4 ile çarparak maks geçici bazal için 2 Ü/s değerini elde edersiniz.
AAPS limits this value as a ‘hard limit’ according to Preferences > Treatments safety > Patient Type. The hard limits are as follows:
Çocuk: 2
Genç: 5
Yetişkin: 10
İnsüline dirençli yetişkin: 12
Hamile: 25
See also overview of hard-coded limits.
Maximum total IOB OpenAPS can’t go over
This value determines the maximum Insulin on Board (basal and bolus IOB) that AAPS will remain under while running in closed loop mode. It is also known as maxIOB.
Mevcut AİNS (örneğin bir yemek bolusundan sonra) tanımlanan değerin üzerindeyse, döngü AİNS limiti verilen değerin altına düşene kadar insülin dozlamayı durdurur.
A good start for setting this parameter is:
maksIAİNS= ortalama öğün yemeği + 3x maksimum günlük bazal olacaktır
Be careful and patient when adjusting your max-IOB. It is different for everyone and can also depend on the average total daily dose (TDD).
AAPS limits this value as a ‘hard limit’ according to Preferences > Treatments safety > Patient Type. The hard limits are as follows:
Çocuk: 3
Genç: 7
Yetişkin: 12
İnsüline dirençli yetişkin: 25
Hamile: 40
See also overview of hard-coded limits.
Note : When using SMB, the max-IOB is calculated differently than in AMA. In AMA, maxIOB is a safety-parameter for basal IOB, while in SMB-mode, it also includes bolus IOB.
Ayrıca SMB için OpenAPS dokümantasyonuna bakın.
Enable dynamic sensitivity
This is the DynamicISF feature. When enabled, new settings become available. Settings are explained on the DynamicISF page.
Yüksek geçici hedefler duyarlılığı artırır
If you have this option enabled, the insulin sensitivity will be increased while having a temporary target above 100 mg/dl or 5.6 mmol/l. This means, the ISF will rise while IC and basal will decrease. This will effectively make AAPS less aggressive when you set a high temp target.
Düşük geçici hedefler duyarlılığı azaltır
If you have this option enabled, the insulin sensitivity will be decreased while having a temporary target lower than 100 mg/dl or 5.6 mmol/l. This means, the ISF will decrease while IC and basal will rise. This will effectively make AAPS more aggressive when you set a low temp target.
Enable Autosens feature
This is the Autosens feature. When using DynamicISF, Autosens can not be used, since they are two different algorithms altering the same variable (sensitivity).
Autosens looks at blood glucose deviations (positive/negative/neutral). Bu sapmalara göre sizin ne kadar duyarlı/dirençli olduğunuzu anlamaya çalışacak ve bu sapmalara göre bazal hızı ve IDF’yi ayarlayacaktır.
When enabled, new settings become available.
Sensitivity raises target
If this option is enabled, the sensitivity detection (autosens) can raise the target when sensitivity is detected (below 100%). In this case your target will be raised by the percentage of the detected sensitivity.
If the target is modified due to sensitivity detection, it will be displayed with a green background on your home screen.
This setting is available when one of “Enable dynamic sensitivity” or “Enable Autosens feature” are enabled.
Resistance lowers target
If this option is enabled, the sensitivity detection (autosens) can lower the target when resistance is detected (above 100%). In this case your target will be lowered by the percentage of the detected resistance.
This setting is available when one of “Enable dynamic sensitivity” or “Enable Autosens feature” are enabled.
SMB (Super Mikro Bolus) etkinleştir
Enable this to use SMB functionality. If disabled, no SMBs will be given.
When enabled, new settings become available.
Enable SMB with high temp targets
If this setting is enabled, SMBs will still be delivered even if the user has selected a high Temp Target (defined as anything above 100mg/dL or 5.6mmol/l, regardless of Profile target). This option is intended to be used to disable SMBs when the setting is disabled. For example, if this option is disabled, SMBs can be disabled by setting a Temp Target above 100mg/dL or 5.6mmol/l. This option will also disable SMBs regardless of what other condition is trying to enable SMB.
If this setting is enabled, SMB will only be enabled with a high temp target if Enable SMB with temp targets is also enabled.
Enable SMB always
If this setting is enabled, SMB is enabled always enabled(independent of COB, temp targets or boluses). If this setting is enabled, the rest of the enable settings below will have no effect. However, if Enable SMB with high temp targets is disabled and a high temp target is set, SMBs will be disabled.
This setting is only available if AAPS detects that you are using a reliable BG source, with advanced filtering. FreeStyle Libre 1 is not considered a reliable source due to the risk of infinitely repeating old BG data in case of sensor failure. Noisy data could cause AAPS to believe BG is rising really fast, resulting in the administration of unnecessary SMBs. For more information about noise and data smoothing, see here.
Enable SMB with COB
If this setting is enabled, SMB is enabled when the COB is greater than 0.
This setting is not visible if “Enable SMB always” is switched on.
Enable SMB with temp targets
If this setting is enabled, SMB is enabled when there is any temp target set (eating soon, activity, hypo, custom). If this setting is enabled but Enable SMB with high temp targets is disabled, SMB will be enabled when a low temp target is set (below 100mg/dL or 5.6mmol/l) but disabled when a high temp target is set.
This setting is not visible if “Enable SMB always” is switched on.
Yemeklerden sonra SMB’yi etkinleştir
If enabled, SMB is enabled for 6h after carbohydrates are announced, even if COB has reached 0.
For safety reasons, this setting is only available if AAPS detects that you are using a reliable BG source. It is not visible if “Enable SMB always” is switched on.
This setting is only available if AAPS detects that you are using a reliable BG source, with advanced filtering. FreeStyle Libre 1 is not considered a reliable source due to the risk of infinitely repeating old BG data in case of sensor failure. Noisy data could cause AAPS to believe BG is rising really fast, resulting in the administration of unnecessary SMBs. For more information about noise and data smoothing, see here.
This setting is not visible if “Enable SMB always” is switched on.
How frequently SMBs will be given in min
This feature limits the frequency of SMBs. This value determines the minimum time between SMBs. Note that the loop runs every time a glucose value comes in (generally 5 minutes). Subtract 2 minute to give loop additional time to complete. E.g. if you want SMB to be given every loop run, set this to 3 minutes.
Default value: 3 min.
SMB’yi sınırlamak için maksimum bazal dakika
This is an important safety setting. This value determines how much SMB can be given based on the amount of basal insulin in a given time, when it is covered by COBs.
Making this value larger allows the SMB to be more aggressive. You should start with the default value of 30 minutes. After some experience, increase the value in 15 minutes increments and observe the effects over multiple meals.
It is recommended not to set the value higher than 90 minutes, as this would lead to a point where the algorithm might not be able to accommodate a decreasing BG with 0 U/h basal (‘zero-temp’). You should also set alarms, especially if you are still testing new settings, which will warn you well before a hypo.
Default value: 30 min.
Max minutes of basal to limit SMB to for UAM
This setting allows to adjust the strength of SMB during UAM, when there are no more carbs.
Default value : the same as Max minutes of basal to limit SMB to.
This setting is only visible if “Enable SMB” and “Enable UAM “ are switched on.
UAM etkinleştir
With this option enabled, the SMB algorithm can recognize unannounced meals. This is helpful if you forget to tell AAPS about your carbs or estimate your carbs wrong and the amount of entered carbs is wrong or if a meal with lots of fat and protein has a longer duration than expected. Without any carb entry, UAM can recognize fast glucose increase caused by carbs, adrenaline, etc., and tries to adjust it with SMBs. This also works the opposite way: if there is a fast glucose decrease, it can stop SMBs earlier.
Therefore, UAM should always be activated when using SMB.
Minimal carbs required for suggestion
Minimum grams of carbs to display a carbs suggestion alert. Referans tasarım karbonhidrat gerektirdiğini tespit ettiğinde ek karbonhidrat önerilecektir. Bu durumda 5, 15 veya 30 dakika ertelenebilecek bir bildirim alacaksınız.
İstenirse karbonhidrat ihtiyacı bildirimleri Nightscout’a iletilebilir, bu durumda bir anons gösterilir ve yayınlanır.
In any case, the required carbs will be displayed in the COB section on your home screen.
Gelişmiş Ayarlar
You can read more here : OpenAPS docs.
Always use short average delta instead of simple data If you enable this feature, AAPS uses the short average delta/blood glucose from the last 15 minutes, which is usually the average of the last three values. This helps AAPS to be steadier with noisy data sources like xDrip+ and Libre.
Max daily safety multiplier This is an important safety limit. The default setting (which is unlikely to need adjusting) is 3. This means that AAPS will never be allowed to set a temporary basal rate that is more than 3x the highest hourly basal rate programmed in a user’s pump and/or profile. Example: if your highest basal rate is 1.0 U/h and max daily safety multiplier is 3, then AAPS can set a maximum temporary basal rate of 3.0 U/h (= 3 x 1.0 U/h).
Default value: 3 (shouldn’t be changed unless you really need to and know what you are doing)
Current Basal safety multiplier This is another important safety limit. The default setting (which is also unlikely to need adjusting) is 4. This means that AAPS will never be allowed to set a temporary basal rate that is more than 4x the current hourly basal rate programmed in a user’s pump and/or profile.
Default value: 4 (shouldn’t be changed unless you really need to and know what you are doing)
Gelişmiş Yemek Yardımı (AMA)
AMA, the short form of “advanced meal assist” is an OpenAPS feature from 2017 (oref0). OpenAPS Advanced Meal Assist (AMA) allows the system to high-temp more quickly after a meal bolus if you enter carbs reliably.
You can find more information in the OpenAPS documentation.
Maks Ü/s geçici bazal (OpenAPS “maks-bazal”) nasıl ayarlanabilir
This safety setting helps AAPS from ever being capable of giving a dangerously high basal rate and limits the temp basal rate to x U/h. It is advised to set this to something sensible. A good recommendation is to take the highest basal rate in your profile and multiply it by 4 and at least 3. For example, if the highest basal rate in your profile is 1.0 U/h you could multiply that by 4 to get a value of 4 U/h and set the 4 as your safety parameter.
You cannot choose any value: For safety reason, there is a ‘hard limit’, which depends on the patient age. The ‘hard limit’ for maxIOB is lower in AMA than in SMB. For children, the value is the lowest while for insulin resistant adults, it is the biggest.
The hardcoded parameters in AAPS are:
Çocuk: 2
Genç: 5
Yetişkin: 10
İnsüline dirençli yetişkin: 12
Hamile: 25
See also overview of hard-coded limits.
OpenAPS’in gönderebileceği maksimum bazal AİNS [U] (OpenAPS “maks-AİNS”)
This parameter limits the maximum of basal IOB where AAPS still works. Aktif insülin yüksekse, maks aktif insülin limitin altına düşene kadar ek bazal insülin vermeyi durdurur.
The default value is 2, but you should rise this parameter slowly to see how much it affects you and which value fits best. Bu ayarlar herkes için farklıdır ve ayrıca ortalama günlük toplam doza (GTD) bağlıdır. Güvenlik nedeniyle, hastanın yaşına bağlı olarak bir sınır vardır. The ‘hard limit’ for maxIOB is lower in AMA than in SMB.
Çocuk: 3
Genç: 5
Yetişkin: 7
İnsüline dirençli yetişkin: 12
Hamile: 25
See also overview of hard-coded limits.
AMA Otoduyarlılığı Etkinleştirme
Here, you can choose, if you want to use the sensitivity detection autosens or not.
Otoduyarlılık geçici hedefleri de ayarlar
Bu seçeneği etkinleştirdiyseniz, otoduyarlılık hedefleri de ayarlayabilir (bazal ve İDF’nin yanında). This lets AAPS work more ‘aggressive’ or not. Bununla asıl KŞ hedefine daha hızlı ulaşılabilir.
Gelişmiş Ayarlar
Normalde bu diyalogdaki ayarları değiştirmeniz gerekmez!
Yine de bunları değiştirmek isterseniz ne yaptığınızı anlamak için, OpenAPS dokümantasyonundaki ayrıntıları okuduğunuzdan emin olun.
Always use short average delta instead of simple data If you enable this feature, AAPS uses the short average delta/blood glucose from the last 15 minutes, which is usually the average of the last three values. This helps AAPS to work more steady with noisy data sources like xDrip+ and Libre.
Max daily safety multiplier This is an important safety limit. The default setting (which is unlikely to need adjusting) is 3. This means that AAPS will never be allowed to set a temporary basal rate that is more than 3x the highest hourly basal rate programmed in a user’s pump. Example: if your highest basal rate is 1.0 U/h and max daily safety multiplier is 3, then AAPS can set a maximum temporary basal rate of 3.0 U/h (= 3 x 1.0 U/h).
Default value: 3 (shouldn’t be changed unless you really need to and know what you are doing)
Current Basal safety multiplier This is another important safety limit. The default setting (which is also unlikely to need adjusting) is 4. This means that AAPS will never be allowed to set a temporary basal rate that is more than 4x the current hourly basal rate programmed in a user’s pump.
Default value: 4 (shouldn’t be changed unless you really need to and know what you are doing)
Bolus erteleme ies böleni Bolus erteleme özelliği, yemek bolusaundan sonra çalışır. AAPS doesn’t set low temporary basal rates after a meal in the period of the DIA divided by the “bolus snooze”-parameter. Varsayılan değer 2’dir. Bu, 5 saatlik bir İES ile “bolus ertelemenin” 5s : 2 = 2.5s uzunluğunda olacağı anlamına gelir.
Varsayılan değer: 2
Overview of hard-coded limits
Çocuk |
Genç |
Yetişkin |
Yetişkin İnsülin direnci |
Hamile |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MAKSBOLUS |
5,0 |
10,0 |
17,0 |
25,0 |
60,0 |
MİNİES |
5,0 |
5,0 |
5,0 |
5,0 |
5,0 |
MAKSİES |
9,0 |
9,0 |
9,0 |
9,0 |
10,0 |
MİNIC |
2,0 |
2,0 |
2,0 |
2,0 |
0,3 |
MAKSIC |
100,0 |
100,0 |
100,0 |
100,0 |
100,0 |
MAKSAİNS_AMA |
3,0 |
5,0 |
7,0 |
12,0 |
25,0 |
MAKSAİNS_SMB |
7,0 |
13,0 |
22,0 |
30,0 |
70,0 |
MAKSBAZAL |
2,0 |
5,0 |
10,0 |
12,0 |
25,0 |